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The WFD requires that, within each RBD, a Programme of Measures (PoM) is established to address the significant issues identified and to allow the achievement of the objectives established under Article 4. The Directive further specifies that the PoM shall include as a minimum ‘basic measures’ and, where necessary to achieve objectives, ‘supplementary measures’.

Basic measures as a minimum must comprise:

1. Measures required to implement existing Community water legislation and other environmental legislation (set out in Article 10 and in Part A of Annex VI – detailed below).
2. Measures to implement Article 9 (cost recovery).
3. Measures to promote efficient and sustainable water use.
4. Measures to protect drinking water quality and reduce level of treatment required.
5. Measures to control abstraction from surface and groundwater.
6. Measures to control recharging of groundwater.
7. Measures to control point source discharges.
8. Measures to prevent or control inputs of diffuse pollutants.
9. Measures to address any other significant impacts on status, in particular the hydromorphological condition.
10. Measures to prohibit direct discharges to groundwater.
11. Measures to eliminate or reduce pollution by Priority Substances.
12. Measures to prevent accidental pollution.

Legislation in Article 10 and in Part A of Annex VI:

(i) The Bathing Water Directive (76/160/EEC).

(ii) The Birds Directive (79/409/EEC).

(iii) The Drinking Water Directive (80/778/EEC) as amended by Directive (98/83/EC).

(iv) The Major Accidents (Seveso) Directive (96/82/EC).

(v) The Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (85/337/EEC).

(vi) The Sewage Sludge Directive (86/278/EEC).

(vii) The Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC).

(viii) The Plant Protection Products Directive (91/414/EEC).

(ix) The Nitrates Directive (91/676/EEC).

(x) The Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC).

(xi) The Integrated Pollution Prevention Control Directive (96/61/EC).

Supplementary measures are those measures designed and implemented in addition to the basic measures where they are necessary to achieve the Environmental Objectives of the WFD as established in Article 4 and Annex V. Supplementary measures can include additional legislative powers, fiscal measures, research, educational campaigns that go beyond the basic measures and are deemed necessary for the achievement of objectives.

According to Article 11(5), additional measures may be necessary when a water body is unlikely to achieve the objectives under Article 4, after the adoption of the measures under the first RBMP. If the implementation of an additional measure lasts longer than one river basin management planning cycle this measure becomes either a basic or supplementary measure.

Measures should be targeted in terms of their type and extent to ensure that pressures are addressed and that this will deliver improvements towards achieving good status or potential in individual water bodies. The measures should be designed based on the assessment of the actual status of the water body, supplemented with the information from the analysis of pressures and impacts affecting the water body.