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Identifying, assessing and prioritising adaptation options for the biodiversity sector have been fostered by various reasons, e.g. new policies at the EU level. The EU biodiversity strategy (EC, 2011) highlights biodiversity loss, alongside climate change, as the most critical global environmental threats. Both are inextricably linked. While biodiversity protection can make a key contribution to climate change mitigation (e.g., towards achieving the target to limit the increase in global temperature to a maximum of 2 ºC above pre-industrial levels) and adaptation (adequate measures to reduce the impacts of unavoidable effects of climate change), those actions are also essential to avert biodiversity loss.